In the world of blockchain, the main chain is king, and whoever wins the chain gets the world.
This seems to be at odds with the idea of blockchain decentralization. But at present, the development of blockchain is in the early stage, and most of the technology is still in the exploratory stage. The real battle is over the main chain. Whose main chain is recognized by the market, who will become the king of blockchain, who is likely to become the next giant company like Microsoft.
From Bitcoin to Ethereum, and then to the recent hot EOS, from ethereum security vulnerabilities to EOS super nodes, and then to the controversial ground wave field… Blockchain main chain debate has never stopped since the day blockchain was born.
As the main chain of the main network line, the main chain will be further white-hot. Who will be king? Who will dominate blockchain? We’ll see.
What is the main chain?
Blockchain is currently divided into three categories: Public blockchain; Private blockchain; Consortium Blockchain.
The main differences between the three types of blockchain are as follows: the public chain is open to everyone and anyone can participate; Alliance chains are open to specific groups of organizations; Private chains are open to a single person or entity.
What is the public chain of blockchain? The public chain originated from Bitcoin. At the beginning of its birth, it was running towards the goal of decentralization. His belief was that it could not be controlled by any central institution, transactions should be confirmed publicly on the whole network, everyone was equal before the algorithm, and everyone and every node could participate and supervise. It is its decentralization that sets it apart from all other virtual currencies. Later virtual currencies such as shanzhai Coins, which are still controlled by the issuer, eventually struggle to develop.
A public chain is a blockchain that anyone in the world can read, anyone can send and validate transactions, and anyone can participate in the consensus process that determines which blocks can be added to the blockchain and clarify its current state. Public chains are often thought of as “completely decentralized” because no one person or organization can control or tamper with the reads and writes of the data in them. Public chains generally encourage participants to compete for accounts through token mechanisms to ensure data security. Bitcoin and Ethereum are typical public chains.
1
BTC COINS
English name: Bitcoin/BTC
Chinese name: Bitcoin
Listed exchanges: 171
Release time: 2008-11-01
The white paper: https://bitcoin.org/bitcoin.pdf
The concept of Bitcoin was first proposed by Satoshi Nakamoto in 2009. According to satoshi Nakamoto’s ideas, the open source software was designed and released and the P2P network was constructed on it. Bitcoin is a peer-to-peer form of digital currency. Peer-to-peer transmission implies a decentralized payment system.
, unlike most of the currency, the currency monetary authorities don’t depend on the specific issue, it is according to the specific algorithm, through a lot of calculation, the currency economic use of the p2p network composed of many nodes in a distributed database to identify and record all transactions, and the use of cryptography security currency to ensure that each link of the design. The decentralized nature of P2P and the algorithms themselves ensure that the currency cannot be artificially manipulated by churning out bitcoins. Cryptographic-based designs allow bitcoin to be transferred or paid only by real owners. This also ensures the anonymity of money ownership and transactions in circulation. The biggest difference between Bitcoin and other virtual currencies is that the total amount of bitcoin is very limited and has a strong scarcity. The system had no more than 10.5 million for four years, after which the total number will be permanently capped at 21 million.
Bitcoin is a completely decentralized platform. It is also recognized as the most mature product of blockchain. But bitcoin is plagued by slow transactions and high fees. Influence the development of its application.
2
The ETH etheric fang
Name: Ethereum/ETH
Chinese name: Ethereum
Listed exchanges: 142
Release time: 2014-07-24
The white paper:
https://github.com/ethereum/wiki/wiki/%5BEnglish%5D-White-Paper
A boy genius shows up and challenges the authority of bitcoin. Vitalik Buterin, who was introduced to bitcoin at the age of 17, established himself as an industry opinion leader by founding Bitcoin Magazine. He was actively involved in the development of Bitcoin 2.0 and beat Zuckerberg to the 2014 World Technology Prize.
Since then, he has conceived of building a common blockchain platform on top of Bitcoin, where developers can build their own blockchain applications. But his proposal was opposed by the Bitcoin community. Since then, V god started from scratch, based on bitcoin, improved the development of ethereum.
Ethereum is a platform and a programming language that enables developers to build and publish the next generation of distributed applications. Ethereum can be used to program, decentralize, guarantee and trade just about anything: voting, domain names, financial exchanges, crowdfunding, corporate governance, contracts and most protocols, intellectual property, and smart assets that benefit from hardware integration.
Ethereum will use a hybrid security protocol, initially using proof-of-work (POW) to distribute Ether, and then switching to proof-of-stake (POS). Since the launch, there will be 0.26x every year, that is, 60102216 * 0.26 = 15626576 Ether coins will be mined by miners every year. After converting to POS, the amount of ether produced each year will decrease.
As the representative of blockchain 2.0 and the most widely used blockchain application platform, Ethereum has built a relatively complete “system”. Its biggest highlight is the concept of smart contract. Currently, the average transaction confirmation speed on Ethereum is 15 seconds to more than 10 minutes.
In addition to questions about consensus, Ethereum continues to have scalability and efficiency issues, and security vulnerabilities continue to be exposed, preventing it from locking in its future dominance.
3
EOS grapefruit
English name: EOS/EOS
Chinese name: pomelo
Listed exchanges: 72
Release time: 2017-07-02
The white paper:
https://github.com/EOSIO/Documentation/blob/master/TechnicalWhitePaper.md
EOS is undoubtedly the hottest blockchain project of the moment. The competition for supernodes is heating up. As of April 25, a total of 58 teams worldwide, including 26 announced China, accounting for 44.8 percent of the total.
In 2017, EOS emerged as the biggest challenger to Ethereum. Behind it, there’s another god, Daniel Larimer. Since his forum is called Byte Master, everyone calls it BM. BM and V-God have recently traded insults on social media, which also shows us the fierce battle of the main chain.
EOS is an operating-system-like blockchain architecture platform developed under the leadership of blockchain wizard BM (Daniel Larimer), which aims to achieve performance scaling for distributed applications. EOS provides accounts, authentication, databases, asynchronous communication, and program scheduling on hundreds of cpus or clusters. In its final form, the technology is a blockchain architecture that can support millions of transactions per second at no cost to the average user.
Unlike ethereum’s “proof of equity” mechanism, BM proposed a new gameplay: “Proof of authorization mechanism” (DPOS). To put it more figuratively, if Ethereum is a share pledge system, then EOS is a parliamentary system — I can choose a person to exercise my “vote”. It looks more efficient.
However, many people doubt that EOS can handle millions of transmissions per second only through the centralized accounting of dozens of supercomputers. EOS is another centralized product.
4
ADA IDA
English name: Cardano/ADA
Chinese name: IDA Coin
Listed exchanges: 11
Release time: October 02, 2017
The white paper:
https://www.cardanohub.org/zh/academic-papers-3/
Caldano is the home of ADA cryptocurrency, which can be used to send and receive digital funds. This digital cash represents the currency of the future, secured by fast, direct transfers using encryption technology.
Cardano is not just a cryptocurrency, but a technology platform capable of running financial applications used every day by individuals, organizations and governments around the world. The platform is being built in layers, making systems easier to maintain and allowing upgrades through soft forks. After the settlement layer is built to run Ada, the computing layer will be built separately to handle the smart contracts, the digital legal agreements that will support future commerce and business. Cardano will also run decentralized applications, or Dapps, where the service will not be controlled by either party but run on a blockchain basis.
This is the first blockchain project developed from philosophy of Science and the only project designed and manufactured by a leading global team of academics and engineers. It is vital that technology is secure, flexible and scalable, and available to millions of users. As a result, the thoughtfulness and care of some of the leading experts has been invested in the project and the design decisions have taken shape. The scientific rigor applied to mission-critical systems such as aerospace science and banking has been translated into cryptocurrencies with a high degree of security guarantees. We believe this is unprecedented.
One of Mr Cardano’s key innovations is his ability to strike a balance between user and regulatory needs, further combining privacy and regulation. Cardano’s vision is that its new type of controlled computing will lead to more financial inclusion by providing equitable financial services to all.
5
TRX wave field
English name: Tron/TRX
Chinese name: Wave field
Listed exchanges: 42
Release time: 2017-09-14
The white paper:
In August 2017, Sun launched his project. It came into the spotlight with all kinds of controversies about Sun Yuchen. The recent launch of superdelegate races is being questioned as a new round of hype.
Tron is committed to building infrastructure for the decentralization of the Internet. Its wave field Tron protocol is the world’s largest decentralized operating system based on the block chain agreement, one of for decentralized applications running on the agreement provides high throughput, high expansion, high reliability of the underlying support, and chain and pluggable type intelligent contracts through innovation platform better compatible with Ethernet fang intelligent contracts.
The consensus of wave field is divided into three steps. The first step is to adopt the technical system based on Kafka to realize the centralized consensus algorithm. The purpose is to realize the joint test and function integration of the system. In the second step, the distributed consensus mechanism based on Raft is adopted to realize the leap from centralization to distribution. In this step, functions such as network and distribution are gradually improved, which lays the foundation for the final realization of wide area full distribution without logical center. The third step is to realize the consensus mechanism of PoS, the Byzantine fault-tolerant consensus based on “margin mechanism + EPOCH confirmation”, and the integration consensus compatible with PoS and PoW.
Wave field Tron and chain (TPS) more than tens of thousands of transactions per second speed, which can support more application scenarios, and through the user free to use and strong incentive way, maximum limit arouse the enthusiasm of ecological participants, not only can satisfy the wire centralized entertainment applications such as high concurrency, low latency, and strict requirements of huge amounts of data transmission, It also gives the average Internet user the best decentralized user experience.
Developers can use tron protocol and virtual machines to develop their own and community applications, use smart contracts for distributed crowdfunding, and digital asset issuance. The tron protocol already runs decentralized applications, including App, Obike, uplive, Game.com, Kitty Live, Mico, etc., with more than 100 million active users in more than 100 countries and regions.
6
ABT block cornerstone
English name: ArcBlock/ABT
Chinese name: block cornerstone
Listed exchanges: 12
Release time: February 27, 2018
The white paper:
https://www.arcblock.io/file/whitepaper/WhitePaperEnV2_en-US.pdf?v=4
ArcBlock is a dedicated service platform for the development and deployment of decentralized blockchain applications and a multi-party ecosystem. It aims to solve several common problems in the current blockchain application field that hinder the popularization of blockchain technology in the public scope.
ArcBlock aims to solve this problem by creating a high-performance, user-friendly, cost-effective application service platform that is not locked into existing specific blockchain protocols. Arcblock offers an eco-cloud platform where miners offer their services and modules in exchange for tokens. Arcblock also provides a cross-chain protocol that allows developers to choose their own underlying blockchain technology freely, and these middleware are transparent to developers.
ArcBlock not only provides basic component services to facilitate the use of blockchain, but also supports more complex business logic than today’s blockchain systems. It can help users connect existing systems and services to blockchain, enabling users to apply existing business data, users, business logic and other applications in new blockchain-driven applications.
7
NEO little ant
English name: NEO/NEO
Chinese name: little ant
Listed exchanges: 30
Release time: 2014-06-01
The white paper:
https://github.com/AntShares/AntShares/wiki/Whitepaper-1.1
NEO, formerly known as Xiao Yi, was officially launched in 2014 and opened in Real time on Github in June 2015. Since its inception, the NEO team has witnessed the highs and lows of the blockchain industry, the mania and cooling of the digital currency market, and the ambiguity and clarity of regulatory and government attitudes in various countries. We believe that technology is the driving force of this era, and we will enter the new era of “smart economy” driven by this driving force.
NEO’s consensus mechanism is DBFT, which is short for Delegated Byzantine Fault Tolerant. DBFT provides Fault tolerance to a consensus system consisting of N Delegated consensus nodes, including security and availability, and can resist general failures and Byzantine failures. And applicable to any network environment. With NEO’s DBFT consensus mechanism, a block is generated every 20 seconds or so, and transaction throughput tests can reach about 1,000 TPS, which is excellent in public chains. With proper optimization, there should be a chance to reach 10,000 TPS, which can support large-scale commercial applications.
NEO blockchain allows you to manage your smart assets quickly, efficiently, safely, and legally by combining peer-to-peer networking, Byzantine fault tolerance, digital certificates, smart contracts, superconducting transactions, cross-chain interoperation protocols, and a host of other technologies.
8
ONT ontology
Ontology/ONT
Chinese name: Noumenon
Listed exchanges: 9
Release date: —
The white paper:
https://ont.io/static/wp/%E6%9
Ontology ONT project was established in 17, known as a new generation of distributed trust chain network, the goal is to allow users to disclose the data on the private chain to the third party or the common chain, to build a bridge between the private chain and the public chain.
The core ledger adopted by ontology networks supports the new generation of consensus engine OntorandConsensusEngine(OCE). OCE is an efficient, enhanced version of the consensus engine based on the dBFT consensus protocol and the verifiable random function VRF. It achieves nearly unlimited scalability, requires very little computational overhead, and generates a blockchain network that almost never forks. We can think of OCE as an upgraded version of DBFT, and this consensus mechanism can almost achieve the characteristics of large volume, fast and low-cost.
Ontology ONT trust network architecture for a distributed fusion system of trust, the trust of the diversity in one body under the protocol architecture of collaborative, integrated multidimensional entities distributed certification system chain system and information system, and all kinds of different blocks included in multiple source authentication and multi-source information exchange protocol, and provide different open basic module of distributed application scenarios, Realize the distributed point-to-point trust system, and build the distributed trust infrastructure that is cross-chain, cross-system, cross-industry, cross-application and cross-terminal.
The ontology network is the first basic platform in the world to propose a distributed chain network system. In addition to the distributed ledger framework of the ontology network itself, it can support the implementation of blockchain systems under different governance modes, and can also cooperate with different chains from different business fields and regions through various protocols of the ontology network. Form cross-chain and cross-system interactive mapping of various heterogeneous blockchain and traditional information system. Therefore, ontology network innovatively proposes a matrix three-dimensional grid architecture — hyperfusion chain network structure.
9
QTUM quantum chain
English name: Qtum/ Qtum
Chinese name: Quantum chain
Listed exchanges: 41
Release time: March 16, 2017
The white paper:
https://qtum.org/en/white-papers
Quantum chain QTUM is the first UTXO model based POS smart contract platform, which can achieve compatibility with the bitcoin ecosystem and ethereum ecosystem, and promote the productization of blockchain technology and improve the ease of use of blockchain industry through mobile strategy, aiming to connect the real commercial society with the blockchain world. Therefore, quantum chain is a block chain application platform integrated.
Quantum Chain uses its academic partners, development tools and methodology to standardize the development of business intelligence contracts, including accurate translation of natural language contracts into machine-readable smart contracts, high fault tolerance details and contract terms. Third parties will develop dedicated user interfaces with the assistance of quantum chains to enhance smart contract lifecycle management.
Quantum Chain aims to build a smart contract hub through collaboration with a range of partners and third parties, providing secure and repeatedly tested contract templates for a variety of industries and use cases, such as supply chain management, communications, Internet of Things, social media and more.
10
WICC wiki chain
English name: WaykiChain/WICC
Chinese name: Wikichain
Listed exchanges: 8
Issue Time: 2018-01-09
The white paper:
http://www.waykichain.net/ico/whitePaper/Chinese_white_paper_3.0.1.pdf
Wikichain is a Turing-complete smart contract platform. Wikichain adopts the consensus mechanism of DPOS, with a total of 11 voting nodes, and a new block is generated every 10 seconds. Rich application scenarios such as asset issuance, guessing application, copyright tracing, mutual insurance, decentralized exchange and cross-border settlement can be realized through the smart contract Wikchain.
Wikichain adopts the consensus mechanism of DPOS, with a total of 11 accounting nodes. When each block is generated, the 11 nodes that get the most votes at that time will select one accounting node according to the random perturbation algorithm. The billing node receives all handling fees for transactions in its billing block. Users lock up their wikicoins and have votes for up to 11 candidates per vote. Users can get corresponding interest income by locking up their wiki coins. When the number of votes in the user’s corresponding account changes, the interest is automatically credited to the account. The system was designed for an annual return of 5% in the first year, decreasing by 1% year by year, and finally a constant annual return of 1%.
Wikichain decentralized guessing application is the first smart contract application launched by wikichain team. Each session is triggered by the app initiator through a smart contract transaction. Within the time specified in the contract, the user can initiate a bet contract transaction, and all bets will be recorded on the blockchain browser and can never be tampered with. The coins will be frozen in a smart contract. When a contest is over, the originator of the contest will announce the final contest result through contract trading, which will be taken from the official and authoritative results. The smart contract will automatically reward the correct guesses based on the final result.
11
BTM compared to the original chain
English name: Bytom/BTM
Chinese name: than the original chain
Listed exchanges: 19
Release time: 08-09, 2017
The white paper:
http://bytom.io/BytomWhitePaperV1.0_Economic_en.pdf
Bytom Blockchain Protocol (byTOM Blockchain Protocol) Bytom is an interactive protocol for multi-bit assets, Running on different than the original chain block chain, heterogeneous bit assets in the form of digital currency, digital assets (native) and atomic assets (with traditional physical world counterparts, warrants, equity, dividends, bond, intelligence information, forecast information, etc.) can be registered through the agreement, exchange, bet, and more complexity of interactions based on contract. Connect the atomic world with the bit world to facilitate the interaction and flow of assets between the two worlds.
Compared with the original chain, the application layer, contract layer, data layer, application layer is friendly to mobile terminals and other terminals, which is convenient for developers to develop asset management applications. In the contract layer, the creation contract and control contract are used to issue and manage assets. In the bottom layer, the extended UTXO model butXO is supported and the virtual machine is optimized. Introspection mechanism is adopted to prevent the dead support state in Turing complete. Data layer to use distributed books technology, to realize the distribution of assets, cost, and exchange operations, consensus mechanism using of artificial intelligent algorithm, asic chip friendly pow introduced matrix in the process of the hash and convolution computation, makes the mill after the idle or be eliminated, can be used for ai hardware acceleration service, so as to generate additional social benefits.
Through the way of side chain, to achieve a variety of assets and Dapp interaction across the chain, it is expected to go online in the first quarter of this year. Babbitt background, domestic users have a good reputation, technical strength is also guaranteed, marketing may be a little weak, I also used to be a little worried about the domestic environment, but recently I checked their Twitter, updates quite frequently, I hope it is overthinking.
Bytom aims to build a global open Byte Assets registry platform. It also makes it easier to create, define, and generate a bitasset, and easier for users to understand.
12
AION
English name: Aion/ Aion
Chinese name: –
Listed exchanges: 7
Release time: October 19, 2017
The white paper:
https://aion.network/downloads/aion.network_technical-introduction_zh.pdf
Aion-1 is an advanced third-generation blockchain that is an incentive mechanism for introducing a new security model, fairness, and representation of the crypto economy. At the heart of the AION network is a uniquely designed, public, third-generation blockchain, AION-1. Designed to connect to other blockchains and manage its own large number of on-chain programs, AION-1 also provides an economic system that encourages interoperability.
Aion tokens as fuel for the entire network can be used to create new blockchains, monetize cross-chain Bridges and secure the entire network.
13
FSN
English name: Fusion/FSN
Chinese name: –
Listed exchanges: 5
Release time: February 17, 2018
The white paper:
http://fusion-main.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/FUSION%20Whitepaper.pdf
Fusion is a public blockchain dedicated to creating an inclusive implicit financial platform by providing smart contracts across chains, organizations, and data sources.
Fusion uses its lock-in and Lock-out technology to make itself a side chain of all blockchains, and all of these tokens of the original blockchain map their own tokens to the Fusion public chain through this side chain technology, thus enabling multi-currency hybrid programming.
With distributed key generation and distributed threshold signatures, various tokens controlled by the private key can be mapped to the Fusion public chain. This creates an escrow and presentation layer on top of all blockchains and tokens, on which smart contracts in multiple currencies can take place. With this feature, various existing tokens will be mapped to Fusion in the future, and many new projects will issue tokens on Fusion. As a lot of value is mapped to fusion, tokens can interact with each other, and smart contracts can be used for collateral, custody, lending, derivatives and more. Because these applications are essentially multi-user, multi-currency, multi-trigger smart contracts or their nesting. Fusion is likely to be the platform-level application of crypto finance on the future value Internet, and the next public chain project with ethereum power.
14
VEN only chain
English name: VeChain/VEN
Chinese name: Only chain
Listed exchanges: 22
Release time: Aug. 23, 2017
White Paper: —
Vechain platform is a global ledger information interaction and collaboration cloud platform based on block chain technology. Through API docking with the application layer, people, things or things in the real world are digitized to achieve information interconnection. Synergy and value transfer in different scenarios through smart contracts based on actual industry applications, thus mapping the real business world onto the blockchain. Through cross-platform, cross-enterprise, cross-industry and cross-national interconnection and collaboration, we will create a new business model and provide “trust service” for the participants.
Weichain’s source code is based on Taifang. In order to facilitate commercial applications, it has made a lot of improvements in dynamic protocols and smart contracts. It is committed to applying blockchain technology to construct a trusted distributed commercial ecological environment that can both self-cycle and expand outward: information is relatively transparent and symmetrical; Trust friction between different participants is minimized; Different participants show their strengths and contribute their own value to the commercial ecological environment, so as to obtain relatively fair remuneration; Realize the high-speed value flow, and continuously expand the chain business closed loop.
15
CS
Credits/CS
Chinese name: –
Listed exchanges: 8
Release time: March 3, 2018
White Paper: —
Credits is an open blockchain platform with its own smart contract and internal cryptocurrency. The platform aims to create services for blockchain systems using self-executing smart contracts and a public data registry. The platform can execute more than 1,000,000 transactions per second in 0.01 seconds. The extremely low transaction costs make it ideal for high-volume applications that other blockchains cannot.
The Credits platform is the first fully autonomous blockchain system. The platform provides a new, extended application programming interface (API) that uses the Turing system to create services on a periodic, scheduled, and unique basis. No other platform comes close to implementing Smart contracts as fast as Credits.
In addition, the Credits platform can run entirely autonomously without the need for external systems. As such, Credits is fundamentally different from all other emerging blockchain platforms. We believe our blockchain technology is suitable for financial and loan services, trading, pharmaceuticals, identity, exchanges, Internet of Things (iot) services and many other applications, some of which are even unimaginable. Credits’ unique blockchain technology delivers disruptive functionality to industries, applications, and users who need unmatched scalability. The market for these services is estimated to be worth trillions of dollars.
16
TOMO
English name: TomoChain/TOMO
Chinese name: –
Listed exchanges: 4
Release time: March 09, 2018
The white paper:
https://tomocoin.io/docs/whitepaper4.0CN-link.pdf
TomoChain is a solution to improve the scalability limits of the Ethereum blockchain. TomoChain plans to support horizontal scaling by using layer 2 blockchain to increase system speed, while also ensuring integration with Ethereum for data backup and token exchange capabilities between Ethereum blockchain and TomoChain.
TomoChain, which is shaped like a blockchain link and supports the ability to perform extremely fast transactions at virtually zero transaction costs, will be an ideal solution for decentralized applications, token offerings, and representative integration for a variety of applications and enterprises.
17
AE aunt currency
English name: Aeternity/AE
Chinese name: Auntie currency
Listed exchanges: 21
Release date: —
The white paper:
https://blockchain.aeternity.com/%C3%A6ternity-blockchain-whitepaper.pdf
Aeternity is known as a new generation of blockchain network, which was launched by Yanislav Malahov, a German-born computer scientist, and Zack Hess, a former augur core developer, and Jack Pettersson, a former Synereo core developer in 2016. A collection of disruptive innovations designed to restore the underlying protocols of today’s smart contracts. Aeternity’s technological highlights are Turing-complete state channels and the decentralized prophets oracles.
Aeternity project was once regarded as the Ethereum of Europe, and was considered by many coin fans as a super quality project. However, after the two ICOs, the project team did not issue coins as quickly as many projects. To make matters worse, a large amount of funds raised by AE in the second ICOS were lost in the theft of ethereum wallets. This disappointed coin fans who participated in ICOs.
The solution of AE is the state channel (dual algorithm of POS + POW) + Sharding Trees, and AEternity’s smart contract is a purely functional option that exists only in the state channel. Users interact only on the side chain. Only when there is disagreement, code, smart contracts will involve blockchain. This greatly improves the running speed of AE, and also achieves the characteristics of large capacity and low cost.
Aeternity aims to recreate the underlying protocols of today’s smart contracts. Aeternity’s technological highlights are Turing-complete State Channels and the decentralized prophets Oracles. Although the whole project went through rough times last year, the current team is still a large number of talents, the team is relatively low-key, but the github update frequency has been ranked in the forefront of the project last year.
18
IOST
Internet of Services/IOST
Chinese name: –
Listed exchanges: 14
Issue time: 01-11, 2018
The white paper:
https://docsend.com/view/ihwqcdg
Internet of Services is an innovative and secure blockchain technology dedicated to providing a highly scalable and high-throughput ecosystem for online virtual Services and digital goods exchange. In addition, the Internet of Services ecosystem makes it extremely easy for developers to deploy large decentralized applications on blockchain to serve a large number of users.
The Internet of Services uses a series of ingenious techniques, including EDS (efficient distributed sharding) and the proof-of-trust consensus approach (believable consensus proving). It greatly improves the throughput capacity of the system while ensuring the safety and reliability of the system.
19
RHOC
English name: RChain/RHOC
Chinese name: –
Listed exchanges: 6
Release time: 2017-10-07
White Paper: —
RChain is a commercial-grade blockchain solution. Launched by Greg Meredith in 2016, with renowned Vlad Zamfir as a board member, The Casper Consensus protocol will be used first on Rchain.
Early developer testing suggests that RChain will be able to offer 40,000 transactions per second, which differs from EOS in that the maximum number of nodes is 21, and increasing the number of nodes will reduce throughput across the entire blockchain network.
RChain has been scalable since its inception, allowing anyone to become a node as long as they have enough tokens as collateral. Anyone can create private or syndicated blockchain networks on rchain, and these networks have the capacity to handle 40,000 transactions per second.
RChain takes a novel approach to these problems. It draws on several branches of mathematics, most notably mobile Process Calculi and game theory. By combining this ground-work insight with computer science discipline and experience in building decentralized content delivery applications, Gobbi and his team developed a formal Model for decentralized computing. This model is the foundation of a truly scalable blockchain.
20
DBC deep brain chain
Name: DeepBrain Chain/DBC
Chinese name: Deep brain chain
Listed exchanges: 5
Release time: December 29, 2017
The white paper:
https://www.deepbrainchain.org/pc/DeepBrainChainWhitepaper.pdf
DeepBrain Chain is the world’s first and only artificial intelligence computing platform powered by blockchain technology. It is designed to help global ARTIFICIAL intelligence enterprises solve the pain points of reducing computing power costs and protecting data privacy.
Ai is a monster that needs to be fed by a huge amount of data, so the source, quality and privacy of the data are all issues that need to be addressed. Smart contracts in blockchain can protect the privacy of data owners and users through physical separation of data. In terms of computing power demand, on the one hand, ai high-performance servers are very expensive; on the other hand, the update and iteration of servers are very fast, which is a huge cost for all AI enterprises. Therefore, blockchain technology can help the whole industry to reduce the cost of computing power and improve the efficiency of computing, so as to achieve the goal of lowering the threshold for artificial intelligence enterprises to start their own businesses.
21
XTZ
English name: Tezos/XTZ
Chinese name: –
Listed exchanges: 2
Release time: 2017-10-03
White Paper: —
Tezos comes from the Ancient Greek word for smart contract. Tezos is a decentralized blockchain that governs itself by establishing a real digital federation, making formal verification easy. The technology mathematically ensures the accuracy of the transaction code and improves the security of smart contracts.
Tezos is a universal, self-evolving cryptographic digital ledger. The biggest advantage of Tezos is that it can absorb the good aspects of any blockchain-based ledger, which implements operations on a regular blockchain as pure functional modules. These operations are utilized to process network layer tasks through a network shell. Bitcoin, Ethereum, Cryptonote, and so on can be realized in Tezos through the network layer interface, and then be represented.
22
LSK application chain
English name: Lisk/LSK
Chinese name: App chain
Listed exchanges: 18
Release time: 2016-05-04
The white paper:
https://github.com/slasheks/lisk-whitepaper
Lisk is a blockchain application platform based on Node. js and javascript, built on blockchain technology. Developers can use javascript language to develop their own blockchain App on the Lisk platform through the official SDK. The future is bound to be an era of both centralized and decentralized applications, and Lisk provides a simple and easy way for developers to quickly build their own applications on the blockchain.
Lisk’s team is composed of experienced experts from Germany, the UK and the US. The CEO is Max Kordek from RWTH Aachen University, who has many years of experience in the blockchain industry and has his own unique insights on the development of the blockchain industry. Max eventually succeeded in raising over 14,000 BTCS for the LisK project. The core developer is Oliver Beddows from the UK with 15 years of software development experience, another core developer Francois-Xavier Thoorens, and several other developers and consultants with extensive experience in their respective fields.
23
ETP yuan industry
Metaverse ETP/ETP
Chinese name: Yuan Jie
Listed exchanges: 9
Release date: —
The white paper:
http://newmetaverse.org/white-paper/Metaverse-white-paper-v2.1-CN.pdf
Metaverse is a decentralized public blockchain project whose technology architecture includes Smart Property, Avatar, and Oracle, The project will support the community to develop various financial and life applications based on smart assets on its public blockchain. In the early stage, the Yuanjie project will be developed and maintained by the Weiyou team. When the project reaches a certain maturity, its code will be open source and published on Github, and the Weiyou team will develop baAS platform on the Yuanjie blockchain to provide technical and business support services for enterprise users.
24
The NAS nebula currency
English name: Nebulas/NAS
Chinese name: Nebula coin
Listing exchanges:
13
Release date: —
The white paper:
https://nebulas.io/docs/NebulasTechnicalWhitepaperZh.pdf
Nebula Link is an open source public chain that provides a decentralized search framework for blockchain data. It has three core technical characteristics: sorting algorithm, self-evolution ability and native excitation.
NebulasRank, an open and transparent sorting algorithm that measures the influence of addresses, smart contracts and decentralised applications, takes into account factors like liquidity, diffusion and interoperability that show how data interact.
In order to help users discover and use their increasingly rich value information more efficiently in the rapidly growing blockchain world.
NebulasForce is a NebulasForce that provides the ability to evolve itself into nebulas chains and their applications, with modifications, upgrades, and fixes that take place without a hard fork.
Developers DeveloperIncentiveProtocol incentive agreement (DIP) to build positive feedback system, encourage developers to develop high quality decentralized applications. Developers can benefit from nebula coins by ranking them directly on the Nebula Index.
The original goal of Nebulae Chain is to create an open and transparent positive feedback ecosystem that is friendly to community eco-developers. So that everyone benefits equally from decentralized collaboration. Under the incentive of DIP protocol, the decentralization of community ecological incubation is realized by establishing a positive feedback mechanism. NR can be further extended and used. Blockchain information indexing and search will be an indispensable scenario application, and will be a starting point and daily essential tool for many users to explore blockchain. Relying on information indexing and search, combined with the mature business model of the existing Internet, Nebula Chain will have great business potential.
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ARDR adel currency
English name: Ardor/ARDR
Chinese name: ADo-coin
Listed exchanges: 6
Release date: —
White Paper: —
Ado-ardr is generated by the old future coin 1:1 snapshot, a total of 1 billion, the existing ADo-ARDR is generated by the future coin snapshot from July to October 2016. At present, The future coin 2.0 has been released in beta and traded on poloniex, Bittrex and many other trading platforms.
As of January 22, 2017, the market price of an Adot is around 1500 Cong (0.000015 BTC), and it has gained the support and attention of users of many technical genres.
Ardor is a blockchain service platform that allows people to develop their own sub-chain systems by using Nxt’s blockchain technology. Since all the processing will take place on the Ardor main chain, the sub-chain creator does not have to worry about common problems and provide enough nodes for it when creating the blockchain.
At present, subchains can take advantage of all functions on Nxt, such as distributed phased positioning, voting and trading; And the ability to interact with other sub-chains on the platform, including IGNIS, the first sub-chain to be launched.
(The above content is from the network, only to provide information, not investment advice)
Source: internal reference
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