@[TOC](Use home broadband to build server (including personal web disk) [I])

The actual effect

Router hardware and parameters

Model: Netpiece R7800- Gigabit Router bought around 17 years ago (now you can consider buying wiFI6 routing). Brush openWRt system. For stability, restart it at dawn every day

Server hardware and parameters

Configuration and Price

1. Configuration table for 2016

• CPU: J3710 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — – $0
• Main board: the synthetic J3710 – ITX motherboard contains the CPU — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 699 yuan
• Memory: ten key DDR3 1600 8 gb of memory — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 219 yuan
• SSD: Shadow Chi (Galaxy) Series 120G SATA3 SSD ————- 249 yuan
• Power supply: Ann titanium grams (Antec) rated 300 w VP300 computer power — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 199 yuan
• Chassis: JONSBO (JONSBO) V4 silver MINI – MATX case — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 239 yuan
• Subtotal — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 1605 yuan

2. Configuration table added after disk upgrade

• Hard disk 1:17 Seagate cool fish 4TB 5400 RPM 256M desktop machine hard disk ———– 749 yuan
• Hard disk 2:19 Seagate 4TB 256MB 5400RPM mechanical hard disk ——– 588.94 yuan
• Subtotal — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — – 1337.94 yuan
• Total — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — – 2942.94 yuan

Hardware purchase order screenshot

Some requirements of home broadband server

The bandwidth requirements

We know that the domestic general household broadband is not fixed IP can not access the public network. The cost of applying for fixed IP is too high to be cost-effective. So, we don’t have a fixed IP. However, it is better to apply for a public IP address. It is good to call broadband supplier application commonly. If you have a public IP address, you can access our server over the public network. If not, it is necessary to use Intranet penetration to achieve public network access. Therefore, it is better to apply for a public IP address. The faster the broadband speed, the better, especially the best upload speed can reach 10M and above (about 1.25MB/ SEC).

Server Hardware Requirements

Independent host

Because it is 7*24 hours uninterrupted operation, so it is best to use an independent host to do the server. The network port of the host is gigabit network port, and the network cable is connected to the GIGABit network port of the router. It is best to use six types of gigabit network cables. This maximizes the use of broadband resources.

Low power consumption, quiet, small size

I use Hua qing J3710 motherboard, 2 4T hard disk, an SSD. The average power consumption is about 25W. The power consumption of a day is 2524 hours = 600W, which is 0.6 degrees of electricity converted into a day. A month of electricity is about 0.630 days *0.6 yuan =10.8 yuan. So, electricity is really not as high as expected. You can buy an all-in-one ITX board with Intel’s low-power CPU. CPU heat dissipation is passive. No fan. So very quiet, the case can use ITX case. It takes up less space

High quality power supply

It is necessary to purchase a high quality stable silent power supply. The most expensive part of the entire console is the large hard disk, which can be damaged by a bad power supply. And since the CPU is fan-heated, the loudest noise in the entire chassis is the power fan. Poor quality power fans are also prone to noise.

Diskless array

That’s right, diskless array. The reasons for not using disk arrays are as follows:

• All RAID solutions may fail to recover data after damage. Also, there aren’t many hard drives for personal use, so it’s better to just use them.
• Data recovery costs are also lower after a common hard disk is damaged
• A good disk array requires a professional disk array card to support. And these specialized disk array cards tend to be expensive. For the system’s built-in floppy disk array function. People really have to be careful with it.
• In the case of a small amount of data, no matter what disk array is more secure than a remote backup from multiple devices

If you don’t have a disk array if you keep your data secure?

1. Keep important documents on multiple devices. That’s why we have a private disk, in addition to sharing files. Because of the sync disk function, important files can be synchronized across multiple devices.
2. Do regular backups of web sites or systems on some servers to ensure that the latest data can be restored after unrecoverable damage to the hard drive.
3. For some large movie video files. My advice is not to backup. If it’s really broken, just download it again.

Server System selection

system	Resource usage	Install difficulty	Operation difficulty	Function limit	Long-term system failure rate
linux	low	low	In the	low	low
Black group of fai	low	In the	low	In the	low
windows	high	low	low	low	In the

The features of the three systems are compared above. In fact, all three systems meet our needs, but LIinux is more stable and more open. Therefore, Linux (centos Ubuntu, etc.) is recommended. Linux requires a certain foundation, which makes it a little more difficult to get started. However, we can simplify a lot by installing a server operations management panel. Let’s choose according to the actual situation.

What can a home broadband server do

A home broadband server is essentially the same as a normal server. The main differences are broadband and hardware performance. Therefore, the general server can achieve the function, our own server can also complete. Here’s a look at what I’ve done with my own server.

• Public access
• Private network location
• Web server
• Offline download
• NAS
• Automatic incremental backup of files

Public access

You can access the public network in either of the following ways

1. Access to public networks using dynamic Domain Name Resolution (DDNS) (Applying for public IP addresses through a broadband server)
2. Intranet penetration technology is used to access the public network

The first method is recommended for those who can apply for public IP addresses. The first way has the lowest cost. And there are no traffic limits. Just apply for a domain name. Then the script dynamically resolves the latest IP. Generally, the domain name and port number are used for access

The second method applies to friends who cannot apply for public IP addresses. Or friends who need direct access to the server by domain name (for example, applets require server addresses without port numbers). Compared with the first method, the advantage is that you can directly access the server by domain name or subdomain name without adding a port number. The downside is that additional cloud servers need to be purchased. The traffic and speed of cloud servers also limit your traffic and speed. Of course, this server uses both.

Nextcloud Private web disk

Why to achieve their own private web disk

1. The speed limit of existing web disks is severe

I build a very important purpose of personal server is to realize the network disk function. Because the current disk can not be used without money. Baidu network disk speed limit is serious, resulting in me now as long as I see baidu network disk sharing links are too lazy to click download. 360 cloud disk has long been gone. 115 web disk and Baidu web disk about. There is a tianyi network disk, now free users download speed can be accepted, but the feeling of the future also want to step baidu. Of course, I also understand the network disk operating costs are really high. It’s really hard to keep up without charging. 2 files or saved in their own server is more secure and reliable remember many years ago, each big network disk always send a few T or even dozens of T space, attracted a lot of people to use the network disk. After a lot of disturbance later led to the collapse of a lot of network disk and a lot of users lost files. Free users are slow to download. Then the large files uploaded to the network disk basically do not recharge the basic download can not come back. The point is that the documents are in someone else’s hands, the initiative is in someone else’s hands. There’s nothing you can do about their rules. 3. The most basic synchronization disk function has been castrated by the big network disk now I use free network disk only Tianyi network disk still retain the synchronization disk function. And only the Windows version has the sync drive feature. So, for those of you who need to synchronize files on Windows and macOS at the same time, it’s hard.

Why Nextcloud

• Advantages: Open source software, the whole platform has a client, support a variety of plug-in functions, a synchronous disk, the client can automatically upload pictures
• Disadvantages: Complex installation

Web server

• Zen master
• gitlab
• remind
• Various sites under development or testing

I can do whatever I want with my own server, okay

Aria2 offline download

Use Aria2 to realize offline download function. There are web apps and browser add-ons. It works well together.

• Advantages: more versatile, HTTP download and BT download have, performance is quite good, speed is not faster than thunder slow
• Disadvantages: No UI, need to prepare; Configuration trouble, difficult to get started.

Tips: The download speed is sometimes not very good after direct installation. Better to update the Tracker list.

Online playback of NAS videos

By opening sanBA or WebDAV service. Provides network file storage services. Cooperate with mobile phone client and TV client to play video online.

conclusion

This article mainly introduces some basic conditions of their collocation server, as well as what can be done after collocation server. The next document will describe how to configure your own server to implement the above functions under Linux Ubuntu.