Overview of quantum Computers
Computer is a new type of computing it has a powerful parallel processing of data, can solve the existing computer difficult to calculate mathematical problems. Therefore, it has become the focus of strategic competition among countries in the world.
The advantages of quantum computers
The fundamental difference between quantum computers and existing electronic computers, as well as optical computers and biological computers under research, is that their information units are not bits. It’s a qubit, which is a superposition of two states, 0 and 1. Therefore, a single quantum CPU has strong ability to process data in parallel. Its computing power increases exponentially with the increase of quantum processing number. This will provide humans with unparalleled computing power to process huge amounts of data. It has been proved that the existing RSA public key system can be easily broken by using quantum computing.
Trends in quantum computers
Semiconductor chips continue to follow Moore’s law with more and more transistors on a chip and each transistor gets smaller and smaller, and now a single transistor can be shrunk to the size of a flu virus.
As the number of electrons in each transistor decreases, quantum effects become more apparent. According to the traditional model, people will reach the physical limit of controlling electrons. As each transistor shrinks to just one electron, the sustainability of chips will inevitably depend on a new generation of quantum-based computing chips.
Quantum computing is the inevitable product of chip breaking through the physical limit of existing semiconductor microelectronics technology. Will become a post-Moore era with iconic new technology and future information technology strategic commanding heights.
Research status abroad
In recent years, the United States launched the first project to study quantum chips. The plan is expected to speed up research into quantum computers. And will trigger a new round of fierce international competition. Former PRESIDENT George W. Bush announced the American Competitiveness Plan in his State of the Union address on January 31, 2006. In this enterprising long-term initiative, the fourth is to break through technical barriers and realize the practical application of quantum information processing technology.
The focus of the new international war is quantum chips. This is our country changes the passive situation that precedes the person in microelectronic industry new opportunity! The outline of China’s Medium – and long-term Scientific and technological Development lists quantum regulation as a “major basic research program”. This is a forward-looking strategic layout.
Refer to papers and blogs.