Artificial intelligence (AI) turns 60 this year. On the occasion of AI100’s 60th birthday, I would like to introduce AI100, a two-year-old research project with a preset life span of 100 years or more.
Why introduce the research project of AI100, still start from the application of AI, don’t worry, it is by no means a long story. This year, AI has hit the scene like never before: AlphaGo’s 4-1 victory over Lee Se-dol, the South Korean go master, in March; In June davos held a symposium on the great wars of the century; In October, the United States released the National Artificial Intelligence Research and Development Strategic Plan to show its ambition. Also in October, the Chinese Association of Automation and New Intelligence held the first World Artificial Intelligence Conference in Beijing, where over 2,000 speakers and guests gathered to discuss the history, present and future of AI development.
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There is a general feeling in the industry that AI has reached its golden age. Robin Li even wrote an article in The Beijing News titled “Whoever gains ARTIFICIAL intelligence gains the future”, saying that a new round of technological revolution with artificial intelligence as the core is coming.
At such a sensitive moment, I think of two huge forces driving the development of AI. One force comes from colleges, research institutes and laboratories, which are the cradle of AI and the incubator of AI industry. One force is the tech business — the medium through which AI continues to evolve, from experimentation to application, from high-tech palaces to the masses. From today on, the author will carry on a series of introduction to these two aspects of power. When it comes to the academy level, start with AI100.
AI100, the One Hundred Year Study on Artificial Intelligence (AI100), is sponsored by Stanford University.
In 2009, computer scientist Eric Horvitz, former president of the American Association for Artificial Intelligence, convened a conference at which leading SCIENTISTS in the field discussed advances in AI and its impact on humans and society. The discussion inspired Horvitz, who said, “I’m very optimistic about the future. “But it is difficult to anticipate all the opportunities and problems, so we need to create a method of continuous research.”
So Horvitz, a Stanford alum, turned to his Alma mater. Russ Altman, a professor of bioengineering and computer science at Stanford who studied computer science and medicine there with Horvitz in the 1980s, says universities are the best place to foster such long-term projects.
Stanford embraced the partnership and appointed Altman to lead the project. “Artificial intelligence is one of the most profound scientific undertakings and will affect every aspect of human life,”
John Hennessy (Stanford university President, helped establish the AI100 project) said, “considering the pioneer in the field of artificial intelligence type character at Stanford and university’s interdisciplinary thinking mode, we feel it is the responsibility of qualified to hold such a dialogue, also discuss how artificial intelligence will affect our children and children’s children.”
So in 2014, Horvitz and Russ
Altman co-founded the AI100 project through Stanford University. “The process has not been a sprint, more like a marathon, but today, we’re off to a good start,” Altman said. “Stanford is excited to host an introspective program that will make a substantial contribution to the social discussion about the role and impact of ARTIFICIAL intelligence.”
AI100 is made up of scientists, the standing committee in the next century, began a series of regular study team of experts from appointment, determine the most conspicuous AI topic, direction involves how the AI will affect automation, national security, psychology, ethics, law, personal privacy, democracy, and other aspects, by releasing the report to the committee. The project provides a forum for scientists to consider important issues in the design and application of AI systems, including the prediction of opportunities, thinking about challenges, as well as the economic and social impact of AI development and countermeasures. In other words, the AI100 will continue to predict the future of AI for the next 100 years and provide careful advice on the ethical direction of its application.
In 2015, the AI100 Standing Committee held its first meeting, bringing together scientists from different disciplines and personal backgrounds to discuss and evaluate the technological, economic and political impacts of potential AI applications in a socially relevant context. “Ai can be a reliable and beneficial technology,” said Barbara Grosz, a Computer scientist at Harvard University and a member of the AI100 Standing Committee. “Increased transparency about ai design and deployment challenges will build trust and prevent unnecessary fear and doubt.”
This year, the AI100 released its first study — an annual report entitled “How AI Might Affect Urban Life in 2030”. In the report, a diverse group of people from academia and industry looked ahead to how much artificial intelligence will improve life in an average North American city by 2030, 14 years from now; From transportation to health care to culture and education, discussions have also sparked discussions about how to ensure that AI programs are developed in a safe, fair and beneficial way.
The 28,000-word report allows non-technical readers to learn about artificial intelligence, such as how computer vision helps scan tissue samples for cancer, and how natural language processing allows computer systems to grasp not just simple word definitions but hidden meanings and intentions behind them.
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The report is divided into eight sections focusing on AI applications. Five of the sections examine the use of AI, including the much-discussed transport implications of driverless cars. The other three sections explore the impact that technology can have, including the rapid changes that AI can bring to work and workplaces.
“How should the fruit be divided? — It won’t be long before there is a debate on economic achievements led by ARTIFICIAL intelligence.” The report refers to the need for public discussion.
At the same time, the report notes that “at least 16 independent companies currently dominate the economy related to AI technology in the United States,” highlighting the questions raised by the application of AI: “Who should be held responsible when a driverless car crashes or an intelligent medical device goes wrong? How to prevent AI from being used for racial discrimination and financial fraud?”