Books information

Published by: Jincheng Publishing House author: Li Peixiang Published in September 2018

summary

Read the whole, are more basic, in the middle to solve the problem introduced N methods, are more realistic content, worth a look, about 3 minutes can be read quickly;

Briefly selected some personal feel must understand the content, as follows:

To judge whether a manager is excellent or not, the key is to look at his ability and attitude to solve problems. Identify the problem -> propose a solution -> simplify the solution -> find a simpler solution;Copy the code

When things go wrong, here’s what to do:

  • Let go of complaints, let go of accusations, and solve problems as quickly as possible;
  • After the problem is solved, hold a meeting to review, reflect and summarize;
  • Relevant persons responsible for the problem shall be punished accordingly;

The essence of management is problem solving

The lack of problems is the biggest problem

  • It may be that you set your goals too low, are satisfied with the status quo, or lack the ability to find difficult problems.
  • See a problem, but turn a blind eye;

Solution:

  • Timely update the target, constantly improve the self-requirements;
  • Understand your own work, develop the habit of introspection;
  • Encourage subordinates to report and reward valuable questions;
  • Failure to report information is a crime, once found to be severely punished;

What is the problem

Problem = difference = due state - current situation; Due status requires a clear definition of goals, benchmarks and standards;Copy the code

The more problems, the more opportunities

  • Don’t be afraid and run away from your problems;
  • Identify the opportunity behind the problem;
  • Develop the habit of actively asking questions;

Treat the problem, insist on three

  • Don’t find a reason to let go;
  • Not to find the responsible person;
  • There are no corrective measures;

Problems to be solved vs. problems to be solved

  • The problems to be solved are not unimportant, and the problems to be solved are not necessarily the most important.
  • We should treat different problems equally and objectively assess which one should be solved first.

Management is not about right or wrong, it’s about solving problems

Master the basic process of problem solving:

  • Define the problem to be solved and the goal to be achieved;
  • Grasp the structure of the problem, analyze the causes of the problem;
  • Put forward hypotheses and analyze them;
  • Test hypotheses and derive solutions;

Don’t take all the problems on your own, important problems on your own, secondary issues understand the authorization;

Identifying differences and finding problems is the premise

Identifying problems is more important than solving them

  • Pay attention to the details, check from the details found problems;
  • Stand in the circle, using the point observation method;
  • Ask for help and reward those who report problems;

Further clarify questions by asking the right questions

When the subordinate’s working thinking is confused:

  • What do you want to accomplish by completing this job?
  • Can the work be subdivided or distributed?
  • After subdivision, how to order the work of each refinement?
  • If carried out step by step, what are the specific steps?

From the question trigger, find the core of the problem

  • Describe the problem in one sentence;
  • Confirm the authenticity of the problem;

9 ways to accurately identify problems

  • Compared with the benchmark, the benchmark is described by data;
  • Compared with standard, standard is the current best method and condition, difficult to data;
  • From things that upset or troubled you;
  • Influence on others;
  • Compared with the overall situation of the company;
  • Comparison with other departments of the company;
  • Compare with other companies;
  • Identify and locate their own problems through customers;
  • Comparison with past performance;

Identify three metrics for prioritizing the problem

  • Degree of importance,If not solved in time, the extent of the impact of the problem?
  • Degree of urgency,If not handled in time, what will be the impact?
  • Expanding trend,If left unchecked, how much bigger will the problem become?

Note:

  • The need to focus on non-urgent but important issues;
  • To deal with potential problems to prevent and respond;

System analysis, find out the crux of the problem

Don’t be fooled by the appearance of the problem

  • Investigate deeply and define the causality of the problem;
  • Comprehensive analysis, focusing from the surface to the root cause;

Problem analysis is based on assumptions

  • After identifying the critical problem, use the hypothesis to analyze the real cause;
  • Dare to imagine before hypothesis, hypothesis should be carefully verified;

Comparative analysis, find out the difference, find out the cause

  • Time standard, choose the index of different time as the comparison standard;
  • Spatial comparison, select different regional indicators for comparison;

MECE analysis, independent of each other, completely exhausted

MECE refers to the analysis of the cause of the problem, to be independent of each other, no omission, no repetition;Copy the code
  • Looking for an entry point for MECE, the point isAre independent of each other;
  • According to the hierarchy of the center to expand the tree analysis;
  • Decompose the root cause of the problem layer by layer;
  • When looking for a solution, go to the source;

Chart analysis to visualize the crux of the problem

  • Identify key data indicators;
  • Identify what information users need;
  • Clarify the purpose of drawing the chart;
  • Choose the most appropriate chart type;
  • Refine the visual experience of charts;

Fishbone diagram, see through the essence of the problem analysis

  • Identify the probable cause of the problem;
  • Analyze each factor one by one;

Three ways to distinguish true causes from false ones

  • After eliminating the cause, will the problem recur?
  • Is there a more specific reason?
  • Turn causality upside down and see if it holds?

Logical thinking, build the frame of thinking

Use logical thinking and insight into the essence of the problem

  • Define the problem, find out the cause of the problem, such as putting forward the hypothesis, verify the hypothesis;
  • Identify the key causes and develop targeted solutions;

Structured thinking based on assumptions

  • Determine the target;
  • Fenix resources;
  • Make a plan;

Don’t confuse hypotheses with conclusions

  • If the hypothesis is just a hypothesis, don’t do the next step of analysis;
  • Rely on knowledge and action to demolish assumptions made subconsciously without thinking;

Meet the pyramid thinking of building towers beforehand

Pyramid thinking refers to the thinking mode of logical refinement and decomposition of problems in the process of analyzing and solving problems, dissecting a big problem layer by layer into small problems that can be solved, and then solving problems from small to large and from bottom to top.Copy the code
  • Identify key issues and analyze possible causes;
  • For each reason, formulate corresponding solutions;
  • After formulating countermeasures, the task is assigned to people to test the hypothesis;
  • Combining with the actual situation, according to the implementation of the adjustment countermeasures;

SCQA analysis, set the problem structure

SCQA analysis, namely the combination of background, conflict, question and answer, is a common mode of thinking to set the question structure.Copy the code
  • List questions and identify key issues;
  • Resolve key issues with SCQA;
  • Ensure that solutions are directed to specific problems;

Use logical trees to find solutions to problems

  • withwhyTo develop the problem;
  • withHow to doBrainstorm for a solution;

Break out of the rut with reverse thinking

  • Azimuth reverse refers to the two sides completely exchange positions, that is, perspective-taking thinking;
  • Attribute reverse, the same thing from a variety of angles to understand, observe the problem from multiple angles;
  • Cause and effect reverse, refers to the cause and effect of mutual transformation, from the result to find the cause of the problem;
  • Reverse psychology, so calledDo the oppositeThat’s the idea;
  • Disadvantages in reverse, taking disadvantages as advantages;

Reframe the problem with intuitive thinking

  • Enrich your knowledge and experience, and exert your superior judgment;
  • In the absence of sufficient information, return to imagination;
  • It may be easier to be inspired by relaxation when there is no train of thought;

Be imaginative and propose optimal solutions

10 common ideas for finding solutions to problems

  • To try to eliminate a problem;
  • Avoid, detour, temporarily prevent the spread of the problem;
  • Diversion means whether there are other methods of use;
  • Borrowing refers to the ability to borrow similar methods;
  • Change refers to the purpose of solving problems by changing the original form of things;
  • To attempt to enlarge or extend, as by increasing the size and variety of stores;
  • To attempt to reduce, shorten, or reduce;
  • To replace is to replace something with something or material;
  • Reverse, refers to the process adjustment, the position of the product accessories to change;
  • Combination, effective combination, such as mobile phone + camera, is the camera phone;

The simplest solution is often the most effective

  • Can we simplify things?
  • Can the solution to this problem be simplified?
  • Is there a simpler solution?

Learn to learn from experience and avoid duplication of effort

  • Learn from colleagues who have had similar success in the company;
  • Collect similar cases from peers and draw experience on solutions;
  • Write down your failures in a notebook and use your past failures flexibly.

Don’t let go of ridiculous ideas

  • Define the problem and refine the core content of the problem;
  • Whimsical, daring to think of possible solutions to problems;
  • Jump out of the circle and avoid getting stuck in a rut;
  • Validate ideas, when there is an innovative approach, to verify that it really solves the problem;

Good solutions come from brainstorming

Generally speaking, brainstorming is used to encourage people to express their opinions freely, put forward as many proposals as possible, and select the best one;

How do managers organize brainstorming?

  • Don’t rush to speak;
  • There is no bad idea, which means that even if there is a point of view that is irrelevant to the reality of the issue, it cannot be immediately rejected.
  • Swallow your pride and be prepared to be questioned if you throw out your opinion.
  • To control the time, high-quality meetings to control the time, otherwise easy to appear fatigue;
  • Take notes. Write down the main points and main points.

Put forward several schemes, and select the best

Adhere to 5 criteria and choose the best solution:

  • Effectiveness, the ability of a solution to solve a practical problem;
  • The feasibility;
  • Cost;
  • Risk is the success rate of a solution to a problem;
  • Growth, every problem to solve, to learn knowledge and experience, improve their ability to solve problems;

5W2H subdivision optimal scheme

  • What is the purpose of the program and what exactly will be done?
  • Why do you do that?
  • Where is the program implemented?
  • When will the project be carried out?
  • Who, who executes, who supervises?
  • How, how to implement?
  • How much, how much cost, how many people, how much money and time will it take to implement this program?

Ensure that the solution is in line with the customer’s taste

  • Re-communicate with customers to understand their current situation, needs and expectations for the future;
  • Identify problems faced by customers and propose as many solutions as possible;
  • From the customer’s point of view, choose the best solution from a variety of solutions;

In addition to the best plan, there should be a backup plan

  • List as many options as possible;
  • Select alternatives according to the criteria;

To put the plan into practice

Implement the plan step by step, prioritize

  • Implement in strict accordance with the order of priority;
  • Stay focused as you implement each small solution;
  • Subdivide tasks to a level that any fool can understand;
  • Clear deadlines for the completion of the programme to the implementer;

First solve the easy to solve problems, to the customer results

  • To solve the immediate problem is only delaying tactics, we should not forget the fundamental problem;
  • After solving the problem, we should grasp the overall situation and solve the fundamental problem.

Communication is not in place, and the implementation of the plan is difficult to be in place

  • Issuing execution instructions must be concise, easy to understand, straightforward, clear focus;
  • Ask for restatement in communication;
  • Encourage bold questions;
  • Improve the communication mechanism to ensure the implementation in place;

Simplify the process and make execution easier and more efficient

  • To delete redundant process links, it is necessary to find and remove the missing value and redundant links in the process;
  • Merge mergable process elements;
  • Rearrange the order of each link of the process, measure the reasonableness of each link and clarify the logical order;

Give the solution a deadline to implement

  • According to the task and target difficulty, set reasonable completion deadline;
  • Strict time limit expression should have a specific start and end time;
  • Let subordinates set their own deadlines for tough issues.
  • Publish deadlines and review progress regularly;

Speed is the key to solving problems

  • Give up the perfect psychology, sixty percent should act immediately;
  • Don’t think the problem is too difficult to solve, take the first step is the key;
  • Never take the problem lightly. It is better to be late than slow.

Follow up timely to ensure the implementation of the program

  • Focus on the implementation of solutions by subordinates;
  • To grasp the key link, do not change the follow-up monitoring;
  • Follow up should not only have feedback, but also reward and punishment;
  • Set up a supervisory agency to follow up and supervise;

When the implementation of the program encountered bottlenecks

  • Stay calm and redefine the problem;
  • The goal is the same, change the specific practice;
  • Programmes remain unchanged and implementation personnel are adjusted;

Consolidate achievements and prepare for a rainy day

Fixed results, curing experience

Methods for solidifying work results and experience:

  • Promulgation of working methods as formal standards;
  • Improve staff’s mastery of working methods through training;
  • To determine management methods and establish standards;
  • Thoroughly popularize new and correct management methods;

Then spread the work standard horizontally to all departments of the company, and actively learn from the achievements and experience of others;

The problem of improvement is never ending

  • willCan do betterAs a warning at work;
  • According to the due state, continuous improvement;
  • Learn to enjoy failure, failure can also be proud of, one is due to mistakes caused by failure, one is due to too much difficulty caused by failure;

The key to crisis management is planning for a rainy day

  • Always keep crisis awareness, pay attention to the enterprise crisis management;
  • Review the review, this morning found the enterprise’s problems, such as the status quo and expectations of the gap;
  • Take timely action to solve problems before they erupt;

4 ways to minimize risk

  • Risk prevention, taking corresponding measures to the predicted risks and preventing the occurrence of risks in advance;
  • Risk avoidance, when the probability of risk occurrence is large, give up to avoid the risk;
  • Risk diversification, through active cooperation with the outside, to spread the possible risks to the outside;
  • Risk transfer, the transfer of the risk that should have been borne by you to others;

Bottom-up approach to potential problems

  • Identify certain specific factors that must be noted from the current state;
  • Bring up undesirable undesirable situations in a hypothetical manner;
  • Develop strategies to eliminate triggers that may manifest potential problems;
  • Prepare a plan to deal with adverse events in advance;

Recovery problem prevention from bottom up method

  • Develop solutions for undesirable situations;
  • Implement solutions as quickly as possible;

Correct the attitude and solve the problem positively

Problems are everywhere, and a good attitude is important

Here are some common misconceptions:

  • Feeling too much pressure to bear;
  • Encounter self denial, since the destruction of prestige;
  • The problem is not solved, they are eager to investigate responsibility;

Be curious and inquisitive about problems

  • Always ask why;
  • To give upTo maintain the status quoState of mind;

Take responsibility

The benefits of taking responsibility:

  • Establish prestige, maintain authority;
  • Highlight mind, reflect bearing;
  • Motivate others, motivate the team;
  • Eliminate barriers, close relations;

Points to take responsibility:

  • When something goes wrong, don’t be too quick to criticize, but to introspect;
  • Admitting mistakes helps solve problems and speak upI was wrong;
  • Stand up for subordinates, give them support, confidence and security;

Solve the problem in a down-to-earth way

  • Learn to manage yourself and solve problems at your own pace.
  • Break down big problems into small ones and tackle them one by one;
  • Deal with small and important problems first, then solve the core problem;

Don’t try to win every battle

  • Don’t judge success by problem solving, but by progress in the process;
  • Focus not only on results, but on the progress of subordinates;
  • From the failure to recognize their own shortcomings and deficiencies, and strive to improve their own;

Never give up is the key to solving problems

  • You must keep your eyes on a clear goal;
  • Break down the goals you set;
  • Try to eliminate distractions and reduce distractions;
  • Set good reward and punishment conditions, motivate yourself;
  • If one method doesn’t work, try another.