A list,
In the Spring project, you can use Spring-Rabbit to operate RabbitMQ
Especially in Spring Boot projects, you can use RabbitTemplate to send messages and annotations to receive messages by importing the corresponding AMQP initiator dependencies.
Generally during development:
Producer Engineering:
- The application. Yml file configures RabbitMQ information.
- Write configuration classes in the producer project to create switches and queues and bind them
- Inject a RabbitTemplate object to send messages to the switch
Consumer Engineering:
- The application.yml file configures RabbitMQ information
- Create a message processing class that receives and processes messages in the queue
Second, set up the producer project
① Create project
Create a producer project springboot-rabbitmq-producer
② Add a dependency
Modify the pom. XML file to the following:
<? xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"? > <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="Http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0. 0</modelVersion> <parent> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId> <version>2.14..RELEASE</version>
</parent>
<groupId>com.itheima</groupId>
<artifactId>springboot-rabbitmq-producer</artifactId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-amqp</artifactId>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</project>
Copy the code(3) start the class
package com.itheima.rabbitmq;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
@SpringBootApplication
public class ProducerApplication {
public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(ProducerApplication.class); }}Copy the code(4) to configure the RabbitMQ
The configuration file
Create application.yml as follows:
spring:
rabbitmq:
host: localhost
port: 5672
virtual-host: /itcast
username: caiyo
password: caiyo
Copy the codeBind switches and queues
Create the RabbitMQ queues and switches binding configuration com. Itheima. The RabbitMQ. Config. RabbitMQConfig
package com.itheima.rabbitmq.config;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.*;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Qualifier;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
@Configuration
public class RabbitMQConfig {
// Switch name
public static final String ITEM_TOPIC_EXCHANGE = "item_topic_exchange";
// Queue name
public static final String ITEM_QUEUE = "item_queue";
// Declare a switch
@Bean("itemTopicExchange")
public Exchange topicExchange(a){
return ExchangeBuilder.topicExchange(ITEM_TOPIC_EXCHANGE).durable(true).build();
}
// Declare a queue
@Bean("itemQueue")
public Queue itemQueue(a){
return QueueBuilder.durable(ITEM_QUEUE).build();
}
// Bind queues and switches
@Bean
public Binding itemQueueExchange(@Qualifier( "itemQueue") Queue queue, @Qualifier("itemTopicExchange") Exchange exchange){
return BindingBuilder.bind(queue).to(exchange).with("item.#").noargs(); }}Copy the code⑤ Message sending Controller
Let’s create a SpringMVC Controller for our testing
package com.itheima.rabbitmq.controller;
import com.itheima.rabbitmq.config.RabbitMQConfig;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.core.RabbitTemplate;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
/** * The test class that sends messages */
@RestController
public class SendMsgController {
// Inject the RabbitMQ template
@Autowired
private RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate;
/** * test */
@GetMapping("/sendmsg")
public String sendMsg(@RequestParam String msg, @RequestParam String key){
/** * Send message * Parameter 1: switch name * Parameter 2: route key * Parameter 3: sent message */
rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend(RabbitMQConfig.ITEM_TOPIC_EXCHANGE ,key ,msg);
Return "Message sent successfully!" ;}}Copy the codeThree, build consumer projects
① Create project
Create the consumer project Springboot -rabbitmq-consumer
② Add a dependency
Modify the pom. XML file to the following:
<? xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"? > <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="Http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0. 0</modelVersion> <parent> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId> <version>2.14..RELEASE</version>
</parent>
<groupId>com.itheima</groupId>
<artifactId>springboot-rabbitmq-consumer</artifactId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-amqp</artifactId>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</project>
Copy the code(3) start the class
package com.itheima.rabbitmq;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
@SpringBootApplication
public class ConsumerApplication {
public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(ConsumerApplication.class); }}Copy the code(4) to configure the RabbitMQ
Create application.yml as follows:
spring:
rabbitmq:
host: localhost
port: 5672
virtual-host: /itcast
username: caiyo
password: caiyo
Copy the code⑤ Message listening processing class
Write a message listener com. Itheima. The rabbitmq. Listener. MyListener
package com.itheima.rabbitmq.listener;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitListener;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
@Component
public class MyListener {
/** * listen for messages on a queue *@paramMessage Indicates the received message */
@RabbitListener(queues = "item_queue")
public void myListener1(String message){
System.out.println("The consumer receives the following message:"+ message); }}Copy the code6 test
Create a test class in producer project springboot-rabbitmq-producer and send a message:
package com.itheima.rabbitmq;
import com.itheima.rabbitmq.config.RabbitMQConfig;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.core.RabbitTemplate;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringRunner;
@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest
public class RabbitMQTest {
@Autowired
private RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate;
@Test
public void test(a){
rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend(
RabbitMQConfig.ITEM_TOPIC_EXCHANGE,
"item.insert"."New item, routing key to item.insert");
rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend(
RabbitMQConfig.ITEM_TOPIC_EXCHANGE,
"item.update"."Item modification, routing key to item.update");
rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend(
RabbitMQConfig.ITEM_TOPIC_EXCHANGE,
"item.delete"."Delete item, routing key is item.delete"); }}Copy the codeRun the above tests (switches and queues are declared and bound first) and start the consumer; Check the console in the consumer project springboot-rabbitmq-consumer to see if the corresponding message is received.
Alternatively, you can see the switch and queue binding from the RabbitMQ management console:
