1 Operating Environment

CentOS7 purchased by Ali Cloud

2 Check the mounting information

$ df -lh
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For example, the new data disk /dev/vdb is not mounted

Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on /dev/vda1 99G 27G 67G 29% / devtmpfs 909M 0 909M 0% /dev tmpfs 920M 0 920M 0%  /dev/shm tmpfs 920M 484K 919M 1% /run tmpfs 920M 0 920M 0% /sys/fs/cgroup tmpfs 184M 0 184M 0% /run/user/0Copy the code

3 View all hard drives

$ fdisk -l
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Displays hard drive information

Disk /dev/vda: 107.4 GB, 107374182400 bytes, 209715200 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk label type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x0008d73a

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/vda1   *        2048   209713151   104855552   83  Linux

Disk /dev/vdb: 107.4 GB, 107374182400 bytes, 209715200 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
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Or just look at a single hard drive

$ fdisk -l /dev/vdb
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Disk /dev/vdb: 107.4 GB, 107374182400 bytes, 209715200 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
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/dev/vda1 partition /dev/vda1 partition /dev/vdb partition /dev/vda1 partition /dev/vdb partition

4 Creating a Partition

Create a partition for disk /dev/vdb

$ fdisk /dev/vdb
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Enter m to view help. The following options are available

Command action d delete a partition n add a new partition p print the partition table q quit Without saving changes w Write table to disk and exitCopy the code

Now let’s create a 50GB primary partition, using the following command:

N (create partition) -> p (create primary partition) -> 1 (partition needs 1, generate “/dev/vdb1” partition) -> Enter (use default value) -> +50G (partition size, need to make sure there is enough free space)

Partition 2 is generated for all remaining space

N (create partition) -> p (create primary partition) -> 2 (partition requires 2, generate “/dev/vdb2” partition) -> Enter (use default value) -> Enter (use default value) ‘

Finally, press the w command to save and exit

View disks that have been partitioned

$ fdisk -l /dev/vdb
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You can see that partitions /dev/vdb1 and /dev/vdb2 already exist, as shown below

Disk /dev/vdb: 107.4 GB, 107374182400 bytes, 209715200 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk label type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x22c9b721

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/vdb1            2048   104859647    52428800   83  Linux
/dev/vdb2       104859648   209715199    52427776   83  Linux
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5 Format the new partition

$ mkfs.ext4 /dev/vdb1
$ mkfs.ext4 /dev/vdb2
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An error message will appear if the mount is not formatted

mount: /dev/vdb1 is write-protected, mounting read-only
mount: unknown filesystem type '(null)
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6 Mount disks

Add directories and mount partitions

$ mkdir -p  /mnt/d/ /mnt/e
$ mount /dev/vdb1 /mnt/d
$ mount /dev/vdb2 /mnt/e
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7 Cancel mounting

You can uninstall the partition if you don’t want to use it

$ umount /dev/vdb1
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8 Enable automatic mounting upon startup

View the DISK UUID

$ blkid
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According to the following

/dev/vda1: UUID="ac95c595-4813-480e-992b-85b1347842e8" TYPE="ext4" 
/dev/vdb1: UUID="7f9b97e9-fae1-47ca-bc19-acdfb027368a" TYPE="ext4"
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To mount /dev/vdb1 to/MNT /d, modify the /etc/fstab configuration file, and add the following line at the end

UUID=7f9b97e9-fae1-47ca-bc19-acdfb027368a /mnt/d ext4 defaults 0 0
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Parameter Description:

  • UUID= 7f9b97e9-FAe1-47CA-bc19-ACDFb027368a: indicates the UUID of the disk partition to be mounted
  • / MNT /d: indicates the mount directory
  • Ext4: The partition format is ext4
  • Defaults: Mount parameters (read-only, read/write, quota enabled, etc.). Input defaults include parameters (rw, dev, exec, auto, nouser, async).
  • 0: whether to record when dump is used. 0 indicates that no record is required, and 1 indicates that no record is required
  • 0: indicates the check sequence during startup. 0 indicates no check. 1 indicates a boot system file, and 2 indicates another file system