For the developers living in the Chinese Internet environment, ICP record (after called “record”) is a difficult topic around the past, if you need to seriously build a website, then the record is a must do, or there may be all kinds of strange problems. But have you ever wondered why we need to file? Have you ever understood the deep meaning behind the two words put on record?
Why do we need to file?
The requirements and history of archival filing can be traced back to an administrative measure adopted at the 31st Executive meeting of The State Council on September 20, 2000 — The Measures for the Administration of Internet Information Services (hereafter referred to as the Measures for The Administration of Information), which was signed by then-Premier Zhu Rongji. All the follow-up record work we have done is, in fact, the extension of this information management method.
Article 2 of the Measures for the Administration of Internet Information Services specifies what needs to be filed: Internet information service activities within the territory of China.
Article 2 Internet information service activities within the territory of the People’s Republic of China must abide by these Measures.
Measures for the Administration of Internet Information Services, September 20, 2000
This article also explains why sites like Facebook and Google can function, since they are not technically engaged in the relevant information services in China (but there is no guarantee that you can access them). Similarly, if your own website is hosted on an overseas server, there is no need to record it (again, there is no guarantee that you will be able to access it, after all, you do not provide services in China, and it is quite normal for the network to fluctuate).
After delineating the scope, the third article stipulates the types of different Internet information services and carries out qualitative operations.
Article 3 Internet information services are classified into operational and non-operational types. The term “profit-oriented Internet information services” refers to the service activities of providing Internet users with information or webpage making for a fee through the Internet. Non-operational Internet information services refer to the service activities that provide Internet users with public and shared information free of charge through the Internet.
Measures for the Administration of Internet Information Services, September 20, 2000
After the qualitative operation is completed, the strategy that should be implemented for different service types is stated in the fourth article: licensing system is adopted for business, and filing system is adopted for non-business.
Article 4 The State implements a licensing system for commercial Internet information services. A filing system shall be implemented for non-operational Internet information services.
Measures for the Administration of Internet Information Services, September 20, 2000
So far, the ICP that we are familiar with put on record went on the stage. And we now understand the specific details of the record, is the extension of the content of the management method, if you are interested in these content, you can read this information management method in detail.
On January 28, 2005, non-operational Internet Information Service Record Management Measures (hereafter referred to as non-operational Internet Information Service Management Measures), a subdivision of management measures on the Internet Information Management Measures, was also issued accordingly, making more clear arrangements and explanations for non-operational Internet information services. We are familiar with the record registration form, provincial general administration bureau, the website at the bottom of the public record number and other descriptions also appeared in the non-operational management measures, the website record matters, also formally implemented.
What exactly is the filing filing?
For many people, the most troublesome is not to figure out how to put on record, but to figure out how to deal with the relationship between domain name, website, server and individual. All these relationships can actually be explained in one word — “double binding system”.
The current website record system is actually a “double binding system”, on the one hand, the website and all people bound together, on the other hand, the website and its access business bound together. Once there is a problem with a website, you need to be able to find the owner and access provider of the website in the first time.
Ruan, yifeng, “On website filing,” September 9,2009
The record is not a blocking measure, but a regulatory measure (compared with the licensing system of operational Internet information services), we hope that we can actively carry out Internet information services at the same time, to avoid the bad impact of the website to continue to provide services. Find the access provider to pull out the network cable for the first time, reduce the scope of influence; Find everyone and punish them accordingly.
Five key roles in the filing process
Once we have clarified the core concept and purpose of archival filing, we go back to the five key roles in archival filing: archival subject, provincial communications administration bureau, access service provider, domain name registrar and domain name management agency.
When we actually start filing, we are faced with three elements: domain name, server, and owner. These five key roles relate to the three elements in turn.
Domain name authority and domain name
When we start to think about building a website, domain names are inevitably involved. In fact, not every domain name can be put on record after the official implementation of the Notice of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology on Regulating the Use of Domain names in Internet Information Services issued on November 30, 2017. In the circular, Internet domain name registration services are required to register and approve the suffixes in China before they can be put on record. If the corresponding domain name registration service has not been registered in China, the corresponding domain name cannot be filed in China.
Thus, there is now a lot of time we need to consider the purchase of domain name when some problems – domain name can be completed record?
At present, all registrations can be approved by the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology domain name industry management information publicity website. If you need to purchase a domain name and plan to file it in China, be sure to check whether the domain name you purchase can be filed in China.
Plus, if you’re interested, there are suffixes you’ve probably never heard of or seen, such as.baidu.
For the domain name registration service organizations that have been conducted, because the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology has the corresponding way of communication, it can issue an official letter after problems occur, asking the corresponding service organizations to assist in investigation and cooperation. And for the management agencies without registration, unable to complete the corresponding cooperation, simply do not suffix for the record.
That explains why you’re buying now, right.ioThe domain name cannot be registered because the corresponding registrar is not registered in China and does not meet the requirements for registration. As for the ones you saw with record numbers.ioDomain names are filed before the corresponding notice is issued, so they can be used normally.
Domain registrar and domain name
When you select a domain name suffix that can be registered (such as.com), you can register a domain name. Domain name registration needs to be completed with the corresponding domain name registrar. At this time, different domain registrars are involved and may affect your filing process.
Under the new rules, your domain name will need to be authenticated at the time of purchase. Therefore, if you want to register your domain name, ask your domain registrar to support real-name authentication.
For example, at present, you can purchase a domain name from Ali Cloud (Wanwang), Tencent Cloud (Xinwang), Western Digital and other domain name registration service providers and carry out real-name authentication. After completing the real-name authentication, you can carry out subsequent domain name registration operations.
Accordingly, for the domain name registration services, also adopted the limitation of the examination and approval and registration, different service providers to support domain identities are different, the enterprise needs to according to “the Internet domain name registration service agencies for examination and approval” to submit, wait for after approved, to provide the corresponding domain name registration and the real-name authentication service.
Currently approved domain name registration agencies can also be found on the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology’s domain name industry management information Publicity website.
This also explains why the domain names you register with domain name registrars like Godaddy, Namesilo, and Namecheap cannot be registered in China, because they are not registered in China and have access to the corresponding real-name authentication process, so they cannot provide subsequent registration services for you.
Domain name and owner
When you choose a good domain name suffix and domain name registrar, into the detailed domain name registration process, will involve the domain name of the real name authentication link.
At this time you need to note that the registration requirements of the domain name real-name authentication and the main body of the record is consistent, therefore, if you intend to follow up with which subject (individuals or enterprises) for the record, here for real-name authentication, you will choose the corresponding information to carry out real-name authentication.
After you submit the information, the domain name registration Service (domain name registrar) will submit your domain name and corresponding real name information to the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology. Generally 1 ~ 2 working days later, your information can be checked in the internal system of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, only at this time can the next step of filing.
Access service provider and domain name
Domain name purchase good, next is to choose access service provider. As filing is actually a “two-way binding” between individuals and websites, websites and access service providers, service providers that can provide filing services are service providers that have registered with the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology (they need to hold Internet data center business license).
Before the registration, you are required to complete the real-name authentication of the domain name, and then submit the corresponding information for the registration. The real-name authentication of the domain name is required to be consistent with the real-name authentication information of the access service provider for verification.
This also explains why the DigitalOcean server you purchased cannot be logged because DigitalOcean does not hold an Internet data center business license. Of course, DigitalOcean’s servers don’t need to be logged.
Owner and ofcom
When you put on record, will let you choose a record of the location, the location of the record determines your website belongs to which province of the communications administration to manage.
Generally speaking, people will choose the location of the ID card. Of course, if you follow the usual instructions, you can actually choose your current location (because the agency only cares if you can be reached). Select the corresponding province, you need to submit the corresponding information (need to be accurate to the number of the house), based on the corresponding information for the record. It’s important to note, however, that different regions may differ, such as location-based filings that may require you to provide a residency permit to file.
In theory, you could have multiple file numbers, one for the location of your ID card, and multiple file numbers for the location of your residence.
Access service providers and communications Authority
Once you have all your information ready and the access service provider has done a basic check for you, your information will be submitted to the appropriate communications bureau for your filing. And ICP registration itself is a filing system, therefore, in fact, most of the time of examination and approval is can pass, said only need a little time, different provinces in the record on the approval of the time required is different also, according to the measures for the administration of non-operational Internet information services inside the request, will finish the review within 20 working days. However, some specific provinces are relatively fast (such as Shanghai and Zhejiang, it is said that the approval can be completed within 1 working day).
When you have completed your approval, you will be given a registration number. Put the corresponding registration number at the bottom of your website with a link to the Bureau.
What to do when you get your record number
New record website
When you have completed the first site registration and construction, you may need to carry out the second site registration and construction, at this time, you need to pay attention to:
- The purpose of your first website should be in the category declared in the filing (otherwise you may not be able to proceed with the second round)
- You should place the record number and other information in accordance with the provisions.
- For the second round of filing, your first site should be open. Each new site will require that your previous site can be opened normally.
This requires that if a domain name is no longer in use, you close it as soon as possible and cancel the domain name and the corresponding record.
Record number, domain name and access service provider
After you get the domain name record number, you can handle the construction and development of the website in the access service provider that you record. However, it should be noted that you can only use the current access service provider’s services. If you want to use the services of other providers, you need to access again and add a new access to use the products of the corresponding service provider. After all, the core appeal of the record is “two-way binding”, binding users and websites, websites and access providers. Although you have completed the registration and solved the binding between the user and the website, if you have not completed the binding between the website and the access provider (for access registration), the access provider will also refuse to provide services to you.
In addition, it is important to note that your name should always be at least one site, for a web site are not (such as you off all of the web site), in the record in the system is called “shell body”, board regularly clean up the shell body, so in order to keep your body, and for the record, as far as possible to ensure your site name. If a service provider needs to be migrated, log out of the service provider after the new service provider is added.
Unique CDN
In the record system, there is a very unique product – CDN. Different from cloud host, cloud host requires access before use, and CDN does not have corresponding requirements, as long as you complete the record, no need to access to use CDN.
As a distributed product, CDN can not be accessed uniformly, so it only makes the restriction of filing, and no longer requires that your domain name must be accessed in the corresponding service provider.
What might happen if there is a problem with the website?
In fact, the previous said so much, are some of the content of knowledge, let’s face a real world problem – if a website has problems. How might it be handled?
As mentioned earlier, the record is essentially to be able to quickly find you after problems occur, solve problems in the site. But what might it actually do?
- If there is a record, directly contact the number provided in the record (this is why you have a record of a contact number and a backup number), after contact, the site owner for rectification.
- If the record phone can not be reached, you can contact the service access provider, through the access provider to suspend the site access services, so that the site can not be accessed.
- If the service is still accessible after it has been suspended (that is, if your site is registered, it is actually on another server), notify your DNS provider to stop parsing.
- If your DNS resolves itself, you can contact your domain name registration service provider to deactivate the domain name.
- If you even run your own domain registrar, you can contact the domain authority to stop using your domain name.
- When all else fails, you get blacklisted and become what we used to call a “walled” site.
Afterword.
It was a relief to finish the article. I started to set up my personal website in 2012, and put on record my first domain name in 2013 and 2014. Then in 2016, WHEN I was an intern at NetEase, I looked at the record from the perspective of access service provider, and then online record policy changed constantly. I myself also experienced put on record from a certain sense from loose to strict a paragraph of course (although did not pass the most loose period of time).
Record mechanism from the point of view of many practitioners, feel is red tape, but from another point of view, but also for our Internet to provide a certain basic security system. The information on the Internet is mixed, and while the record system cannot guarantee that the information we see is “absolutely clean”, it also gives some suggestions in the form of whitelist.
However, this article also has some regrets, because of the space limitation, I failed to introduce the information related to the public security record, this part will be left for the subsequent independent written introduction.